Knowledge
Knowledge
Dated.Sourced.Yours to check.
The series
42 sheets in 6 categories, each numbered, dated and sourced.
Sourced, not asserted
Where a figure is set by government or by a regulator, the sheet names the instrument it comes from.
Proposed is labelled
Where something is proposed rather than law, the sheet says so, so a decision is not taken on a consultation.
Board-pack PDF
Every sheet can be taken away with a cover page, a running head and the verification date on every page.
The library
Showing 42 of 42 sheets
Sheets
Non-commodity charges
Taxes, levies and regulated network charges now make up a large share of a business electricity bill, and comparing unit rates alone misses where the cost sits.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFThe April reset, and the grid investment behind it
What resets on a business energy bill each April, why network charges are rising, and why this is regulated investment rather than a supplier price rise.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFContract types, and how a fixed rate is built
The four business contract types, how a supplier assembles a fixed price, and why the wholesale market is no longer the larger part of an electricity rate.Contracts and buyingVerified Designed PDFPower factor and reactive charges
A poor power factor means a site draws more current than the work requires, and pays for it through reactive charges and inflated capacity.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFTransmission charges, TNUoS
What TNUoS pays for, why it moves every April, and the one question worth asking a supplier before you sign.Bills and chargesVerifiedDeemed and out of contract rates
What deemed, out of contract and rollover rates are, why they cost more than a contracted supply, and the discipline that keeps a business off them.Contracts and buyingVerified Designed PDFSecuring ahead of renewal
Energy can be agreed well before a contract ends. What forward securing buys, what it costs, and how to decide without guessing where prices go.Contracts and buyingVerified Designed PDFMeter types explained
Half-hourly, non-half-hourly, AMR, smart and unmetered supplies, what each means for billing and data, and why the meter type decides what you can see.Metering and dataVerified Designed PDFThe net zero roadmap
The order to decarbonise a building or portfolio in, and why measuring and reducing before generating and offsetting costs less.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFCarbon reporting and the three scopes
What Scope 1, 2 and 3 actually cover, how reporting goes beyond the legal minimum, and why customers now ask for it.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFStreamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting
Which companies and LLPs must disclose energy and emissions in their annual accounts, what has to be in the disclosure, and where SECR usually goes wrong.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFEPC B by 2031, and what the law actually requires today
EPC E is the enforceable standard now. EPC B by 2031 is a proposal awaiting secondary legislation, and the EPC C by 2027 step has been dropped.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFEPC B and co-working, where the letting obligation sits
An operator who sub-lets desks and offices can be pulled into the landlord’s seat under MEES. The test is the building, not the desk.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFESOS Phase 4
Who qualifies for the Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme on 31 December 2026, what Phase 4 requires, and why the group rule catches organisations out.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFReading your energy bill
What every line on a commercial gas and electricity bill means, so you can check it is right and see which parts you can influence.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFSolar PV
Why self-consumption decides solar economics, the three funding routes, and the sites where it does not stack up.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFBattery storage
Storage shifts load rather than reducing it. Where the value sits, and why this is the technology we most often advise against.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFLED lighting
Why LED is usually the most straightforward project on a site, and why the specification matters more than the headline.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFEnergy waste, and where it hides
The cheapest energy is the energy never used. Where waste actually sits on a commercial site, and why overnight is the first place to look.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFCombined heat and power
How CHP works, why the spark spread decides viability, and why an oversized unit is an expensive mistake.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFHeat pumps
Heat pumps move heat rather than generate it. Whether that cuts cost as well as emissions depends on the building and on gas prices against electricity.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFVoltage optimisation
UK supply voltage sits above what much equipment needs. Whether reducing it saves anything depends entirely on what is connected.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFHeat network compliance
Heat networks are now regulated by Ofgem. Registration by 26 January 2027 is a hard deadline, and operating without it after that date is a criminal offence.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFRegulation of energy brokers and consultants
Commission disclosure has been a licence obligation since October 2024. Ofgem regulation of third party intermediaries is an intention, not yet law.Contracts and buyingVerifiedMarket-wide half-hourly settlement
Every electricity meter is moving to half-hourly settlement. What changes, when, and why it makes consumption data available where it was not before.Metering and dataVerified Designed PDFThe British Industry Supercharger and industrial electricity costs
A proposed cut to industrial electricity costs by removing policy charges, who would qualify, and why eligibility is tested at sector level.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFEV charging for business
Charging changes a site’s load and can push demand past the capacity you are billed on. Why the capacity question comes before the charger specification.TechnologyVerified Designed PDFInvoice validation
What goes wrong on energy invoices, how validation works against the contract, and why we validate for payment rather than approve.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFHow to choose a business energy consultancy
A buyer's guide to choosing a UK business energy consultancy: how they are paid, what the authority document permits, the questions to ask, and the warning signs.Contracts and buyingVerifiedHow to compare energy consultancy services
How to put competing energy consultancy proposals on a like-for-like basis: the distinct service types, the lines every proposal should answer, and how to compare cost.Contracts and buyingVerifiedWhat an invoice audit finds, and what it cannot
What an audit of business energy invoices actually tests, the evidence each test needs, and the honest limits of what it can recover.Bills and chargesVerifiedRecovering an overcharge from a supplier
How a billing query is raised with an energy or water supplier, the evidence it needs, how far back a claim can reach, and what a recovery looks like.Bills and chargesVerifiedChecking a business water invoice
How business water and waste water charges are built up, what to check on each line, and why a leak is charged twice.WaterVerifiedControlling utility cost across several sites
How to hold an estate as one record, compare sites fairly, and find the losses that only appear when a business runs more than one site.Bills and chargesVerifiedTM44 air conditioning inspections
Air conditioning systems above a threshold must be inspected on a fixed cycle, and the report must be lodged. A common and easily missed obligation.ComplianceVerified Designed PDFNew connections
Getting a supply to a site that does not have one. The order the stages run in, and why the timescale is set by the network rather than by you.Metering and dataVerifiedNew meter connections
What happens once a supply point number exists. Contract, metering appointment, meter fit, in that order.Metering and dataVerifiedHow the energy market works
What moves wholesale prices, what the forward curve is, and what the decision to fix now or wait actually depends on.Contracts and buyingVerified Designed PDFWhat really drives your electricity bill
Wholesale power is a minority of a typical business electricity bill. Every layer that drives the total, and what can and cannot be done about each.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFThe small lines on your bill
AAHEDC, Elexon and BSC costs, RCRC and metering agents: what each line is, who sets it, and why only one of the four is genuinely negotiable.Bills and chargesVerified Designed PDFHeat network regulation: who is actually caught
What changed in 2026, how registering now differs from the technical standards due in 2027, and a plain test for whether your site is a heat network.ComplianceVerified Designed PDF
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